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本文把专利分类为技能密集型产业的技术专利和劳动密集型产业的技术专利,它们分别与熟练劳动力和非熟练劳动力匹配。本文的研究表明,两类专利的最优宽度都是有限的,且受到劳动力禀赋结构的影响。当非熟练劳动力多于(少于)熟练劳动力时,劳动密集型产业的技术专利宽度宽于(窄于)技能密集型产业的技术专利。本文的研究也表明,劳动力禀赋结构可以通过影响最优专利制度来影响技术进步方向,从而对熟练劳动力和非熟练劳动力之间的工资不平等产生影响。
In this paper, patents are classified as technical patents for technology-intensive industries and technology patents for labor-intensive industries, which are respectively matched with skilled labor and unskilled labor. The research in this paper shows that the optimal width of the two types of patents is limited and is affected by the structure of labor endowments. When unskilled labor is more (less) than skilled labor, labor-intensive industries have a wider range of technical patents than (narrower) technical patents in skill-intensive industries. The research in this paper also shows that the labor endowment structure can affect the direction of technological progress by influencing the optimal patent system and thus affect the wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labor.