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Anderson局域化是量子波动性导致的最重要的物理现象之一。Anderson局域化理论原是对电子体系提出的,但是由于电子波动性只在很小的范围内(即相位相干长度内)有效,使得Anderson局域化的观测成为一个难点。在文章中,作者报道了在纳米结构石墨烯中首次观测到的二维Anderson强局域化现象。更重要的是作者找到了使电子相位相干长度增长至少一个量级的方法,使得电子的相位可以更容易地被操控。作者用尺寸标度方法得到三组局域化长度分别为1.1,2.0和3.4mm。局域化长度随磁场的变化和理论预测符合得非常好。大尺度介观电学输运,表现为并行于二维变程跳跃电导的另一通道。低温下(T<25 K)观测到费米能级附近存在的库仑准能隙抑制了电子与电子间的非弹性散射,从而使得相位相干长度增长到10mm。
Anderson localization is one of the most important physical phenomena caused by quantum fluctuation. Anderson localization theory was originally proposed for the electronic system, but because of the electronic volatility only in a very small range (ie phase coherence length) effective, making Anderson localization of the observations become a difficult point. In the article, the authors report the first two-dimensional Anderson strong localization observed in nanostructured graphene. More importantly, the authors found a way to increase the coherence length of the electron phase by at least one order of magnitude so that the electron’s phase can be more easily manipulated. The authors use the dimensional scale method to obtain three sets of localization lengths of 1.1, 2.0 and 3.4 mm, respectively. The length of localization is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction as the magnetic field changes. Large-scale mesoscopic electron transport, manifested as another channel that conducts in parallel with two-dimensional jumps. At low temperatures (T <25 K), it is observed that the Coulomb quasi-gap existing near the Fermi level suppresses the inelastic scattering of electrons and electrons, increasing the phase coherence length to 10 mm.