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高原训练方法的建立已有50多年的历史,其实质就是利用高原缺氧环境加强运动员某些方面的生理机能,为运动能力的提高奠定生物学基础。目前,高原训练作为提高田径耐力项目运动能力的重要辅助训练手段,得到国内外体育训练工作者的普遍认可。世界上大多数优秀田径耐力项目的运动员在准备重大国际比赛时都采用高原训练,并取得了令人满意的效果。下面,笔者就从高原训练的海拔高度、负荷安排、训练阶段划分三个方面谈一些粗浅的认识,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。
The establishment of plateau training has been more than 50 years old. Its essence is to use the plateaus hypoxia environment to strengthen some physiological functions of athletes and lay the biological foundation for the improvement of exercise capacity. At present, plateau training, as an important auxiliary training method to improve the athletic ability of track and field endurance projects, has been widely recognized by sports training workers at home and abroad. Most athletes in the world’s track and field athletes have adopted plateau training in preparing for major international competitions and have achieved satisfactory results. Below, the author talks about some superficial understanding from three aspects of altitude training, load arrangement and training stage division, hoping to play a role as a starting point.