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目的了解广西学龄前儿童生长发育状况,为进一步改善学龄前儿童水平提供科学依据。方法利用2002年广西居民营养与健康状况调查6岁以下儿童1511名体检资料,采用世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐使用的参考标准,对儿童体格发育进行分析和评价。结果城市儿童优于农村儿童。城市学前儿童的平均低体重率(8.50%)和生长发育迟缓率(14.33%)明显低于农村学前儿童(分别为21.16%和30.90%);但消瘦率(城市和农村分别为1.84%和2.25%)和肥胖率(城市和农村分别为2.87%和3.00%)未见显著差异。从生长迟缓率的变化来看,城市儿童随年龄的增长呈现下降的趋势,三个年龄组的生长迟缓率分别为20.14%、13.85%和13.10%;而农村的儿童随年龄增长反而上升,三个年龄组的生长迟缓率分别为26.26%、30.87%和35.83%。结论6岁以下儿童的生长发育状况令人担扰,尤其农村儿童生长发育不良的比例较大,超重和生长发育不良并存,应尽早采取干预措施。
Objective To understand the growth and development status of preschool children in Guangxi and provide scientific basis for further improvement of preschool children’s level. Methods Based on the survey of 1511 children under 6 years of age in 2002 in Guangxi by means of nutrition and health status of residents, the physical fitness of children was analyzed and evaluated according to the reference standard recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results Urban children outperformed rural children. The average pre-school children’s low body weight (8.50%) and growth retardation rate (14.33%) were significantly lower than those of preschool children in rural areas (21.16% and 30.90% respectively); however, the rate of emaciation was 1.84% in urban and 2.25% %) And obesity rates (2.87% and 3.00% for urban and rural areas, respectively) did not differ significantly. From the change of growth retardation rate, urban children showed a downward trend with age, the growth retard rates of the three age groups were 20.14%, 13.85% and 13.10% respectively; while the children in rural areas increased with age, The growth retardation rates of each age group were 26.26%, 30.87% and 35.83% respectively. Conclusion The growth and development status of children under 6 years of age is disturbing. In particular, the proportion of rural children with poor growth and development is relatively large. Overweight and poor growth and development coexist. Interventions should be taken as soon as possible.