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一、传统窑洞砖拱窑洞作为居住建筑,历史已经十分悠久了。自有人类以来,最早就是掘穴而居,穴就是窑洞的原始的形式,嗣后,又依山就势掘成窑洞,一开始窑内并无衬砌,人类在与自然作斗争中认识了自然,整体山的拱形受力状态决定了窑洞的形式,这就是长期以来,半园形窑洞给人们深深的印象。当人们有了砖石等建筑材料以后开始修建独立的居住建筑时,仍沿用了窑洞的传统概念,围绕着半园形拱作为唯一的建窑形式,这是历史条件所决定的,也是人
First, the traditional cave brick arch cave dwelling as a residential building has a long history. Since the beginning of mankind, the earliest is to burrow and live in caves. Caves are the original forms of cave dwellings. Later on, they dig into caves on the hills. At the beginning, there is no lining in the kiln. Humans have known nature in the fight against nature. The state of the arch in the mountain determines the form of the cave. This is what the semi-circular cave has given people a deep impression for a long time. When people began to build independent residential buildings after building materials such as masonry and stone, the traditional concept of cave dwellings was still used. The semicircular arches were the only form of building kiln. This was determined by historical conditions and it was also human.