论文部分内容阅读
在自然降水条件下,采用滴灌补水措施,模拟自然降水,研究不同降水量及施磷量对黑土区玉米产量、磷素吸收积累及磷肥利用率的影响。试验共设置水(W)和磷(P)两个因素,其中水(W)为四个水平:W0(自然降水条件)、W1(自然降水+50mm)、W2(自然降水+100mm)、W3(自然降水+200mm);磷(P)为五个水平:P0(不施磷)、P1(55 kg/hm2)、P2(110 kg/hm2)、P3(220 kg/hm2)、P4(330 kg/hm2)。结果表明:1)降水量及施磷量的增加会增加玉米植株干物质量的积累,进而促进玉米产量的形成。施磷量较降水量对玉米产量的影响更为显著,适量的降水量与施磷量有利于玉米产量的增加;各处理中以W3P3处理产量最高,达13914 kg/hm2,各处理随施磷量的增加,磷肥利用率降低,而随降水量的增加而增加。2)玉米植株磷素积累在同一降水条件下,随施磷量的增加呈现增加后减小的趋势,适磷条件下,适宜降水量可显著提高玉米植株磷素积累量。综上,本试验条件下得出,W3P2处理为最优处理,即在当年降水量为508mm时,玉米产量可达13119kg/hm2,磷肥利用效率也达最高,达19.7%。
Under natural precipitation conditions, drip irrigation was used to simulate natural precipitation, and the effects of different precipitation and phosphorus application on maize yield, phosphorus uptake and accumulation and phosphorus use efficiency in black soil area were studied. The experiment set a total of two factors: water (W) and phosphorus (P), of which W (natural precipitation), W1 (natural precipitation + 50mm), W2 (Natural precipitation +200 mm); P (P) was five levels: P0 (without phosphorus), P1 (55 kg / hm2), P2 kg / hm2). The results showed that: 1) The increase of precipitation and phosphorus application would increase the accumulation of dry matter of maize plants, and then promote the formation of maize yield. The effect of phosphorus application rate on maize yield was more significant than that of precipitation rate. Appropriate amounts of precipitation and phosphorus application were beneficial to the increase of maize yield. The yield of treatment was the highest with W3P3, up to 13,914 kg / hm2. The increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer decreased, but increased with the increase of precipitation. Under the same precipitation condition, the P accumulation of maize plants increased and then decreased with the increase of phosphorus application. Appropriate precipitation could increase the phosphorus accumulation of maize plants under suitable phosphorus condition. In summary, the results obtained under this test, W3P2 treatment for the optimal treatment, that is, when the current precipitation is 508mm, corn yield up to 13119kg / hm2, phosphorus utilization efficiency reached the highest, reaching 19.7%.