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绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)是一种糖蛋白,由胎盘产生,在孕妇血与尿中都大量存在,尤其在早期妊娠阶段,故能用生物法或免疫法作测定以诊断早孕。在非妊娠期,hCG出现于血或尿中为病理现象,指示有肿瘤组织分泌此激素。hCG的生物活性同hLH有类似处,但不完全相同。一、分泌部位:过去认为hCG由细胞滋养层细胞分泌,但Midgley等用荧光免疫法发现抗hCG血清定位于合体滋养层细胞内、电镜检查发现合体细胞内有发育良好的内质网。细胞免疫化学法指出合体细胞糙面内质网的内质网池内能找到hCG。故现一致认为hCG主要由合体细胞分泌。
Chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a glycoprotein produced by the placenta, is abundant in blood and urine of pregnant women, especially in the early stage of pregnancy. Therefore, it can be used to diagnose early pregnancy by biological or immunoassay. In non-pregnancy, hCG appears in blood or urine as a pathological phenomenon, indicating that the tumor tissue secretes this hormone. The biological activity of hCG has similarities with hLH, but not exactly the same. First, the secretion site: In the past that hCG cytotrophoblast cells from the secretion, but Midgley and other fluorescence immunoassay found that anti-hCG serum located in the syncytiotrophoblast cells, electron microscopy showed well-developed endoplasmic reticulum cells. Cellular immunochemistry indicates that hCG can be found within the endoplasmic reticulum of the syncytial cell endoplasmic reticulum. It is now agreed that hCG is mainly secreted by syncytial cells.