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氢经济以氢气作为能量载体,是一个清洁、高效、可持续发展的能源体系.电解池和燃料电池分别用于生产和消费氢气,分别发生氢气析出反应和氢气氧化反应.催化剂是加速这两个反应进程的关键.铂是目前最好的氢气析出和氢气氧化反应的催化剂,但是铂的稀有性阻碍了其实用化的进程.因此,开发更高活性的催化剂以减少铂用量,或开发非贵金属催化剂替代铂成为了目前研究的重点.本综述针对氢气析出与氢气氧化反应,讨论了反应的机制、影响催化剂活性的因素以及电解质(酸性、碱性)对催化过程的影响,并按照酸性条件适用和碱性条件适用总结了近年来在氢气析出与氢气氧化反应催化剂开发方面的进展.
Hydrogen economy with hydrogen as the energy carrier, is a clean, efficient and sustainable energy system.Electrolysis cells and fuel cells were used to produce and consume hydrogen, respectively, hydrogen evolution reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction.Catalyst is to accelerate these two The key to the progress of the reaction Platinum is currently the best catalyst for hydrogen evolution and hydrogen oxidation but the rarity of platinum hinders the process of its practical use.Thus, the development of more active catalysts to reduce the amount of platinum used or the development of non-precious metals Catalyst replacement of platinum has become the focus of the current research.This review focuses on hydrogen evolution and hydrogen oxidation reaction, the reaction mechanism is discussed, the factors that affect the activity of the catalyst and the electrolyte (acidic, alkaline) on the catalytic process, and in accordance with the acidic conditions And alkaline conditions summarized the recent progress in hydrogen evolution and hydrogen oxidation catalyst development.