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目的了解上海民工小学自供营养午餐营养素供给状况,为改善民工子女膳食营养供给提供依据。方法随机抽取上海市2个区县约50%的民工小学作为研究对象,用食物称重记账法进行膳食调查。结果民工小学自供午餐的能量、钙、锌、维生素A、维生素B1和维生素B2的平均供给量均低于标准值,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.91,47.68,5.42,5.35,6.48,21.15,P值均<0.01)。所有学校钙供给量都低于标准的60%;维生素A和维生素B2供给量低于标准60%的学校比例分别为66.7%和87.5%。所有学校均未提供奶类;91.6%的学校大豆及豆制品的供给比例低于标准值的60%;动物性食品的供给量普遍偏多,91.6%的学校供给量超过了标准值。结论上海民工学校供给的午餐膳食结构不合理,矿物质和维生素缺乏严重。应增加奶类、大豆及豆制品和绿色蔬菜的供给量,适当减少肉类的供给,并加强针对学校和家长的健康教育。
Objective To understand the nutrient supply status of Shanghai Min-Gong Primary School for nutritious lunch and to provide the basis for improving the dietary supply of migrant children. Methods Approximately 50% of the migrant workers primary schools in 2 districts and counties of Shanghai were randomly selected as research subjects, and food weighting accounting method was used to conduct dietary surveys. Results The average supply of energy for lunch, the average supply of calcium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 were lower than the standard values in MuliGong primary school, the difference was statistically significant (t = 5.91,47.68,5.42,5.35,6.48 , 21.15, P <0.01). Calcium supply was below 60% of the standard in all schools; 66.7% and 87.5% of schools offered less than 60% of the vitamin A and B2 supplements, respectively. 91.6% of the schools provided less than 60% of the standard supply of soybeans and soy products; the supply of animal foods was generally higher and 91.6% of the schools exceeded the standard. Conclusion The lunchtime diet provided by Shanghai Migrant School is irrational, with a lack of minerals and vitamins. The supply of milk, soybeans and soy products and green vegetables should be increased, meat supply should be reduced as appropriate, and health education should be strengthened for schools and parents.