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Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and determine the effective surgical managements of A-pattern exotropia.Methods: Thirty-two patients with A-pattern exotropia underwent superior oblique muscle weakening procedures, medial rectus resection or (and) lateral rectus recession. Preand post-operative eye position, deviation angle, superior oblique function and binocular vision were examined and analyzed in the cases.Results: Overaction of the superior oblique muscles (31/32) and underaction of the medial rectus muscle (20/32) were presented in the cases. Postoperatively, a satisfactory ocular alignment was obtained in 28 cases (87.5%), and the A-pattern was corrected in 31 cases (96.9%). Four cases got binocular vision after surgery.Conclusions: As one of the most common forms of A and V patterns, A-pattern exotropia showed clinical characteristics of superior oblique muscle overaction and medial rectus muscle underacion, which should be the primary factors in the etiology of A-pattern exotropia, and superior oblique weakening procedures combined with horizontal surgery should be an effective approach to A-pattern exotropia treatment.