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为解决传统横轴流联合收割机在水稻脱分选作业时存在的问题,4LZS-1.8型联合收割机采用差速脱粒滚筒和圆锥形清选风机等新型工作部件,以提升脱分选性能,其结构参数和工作参数有待通过试验来明确.由于田间试验的重复性差,以4LZS-1.8型联合收割机脱分选装置实际结构和尺寸为基础,自行研制了工作性能试验台.利用正交试验方法考察脱粒滚筒转速组合、脱粒滚筒长度比例组合、圆锥形风机叶片锥度等工作参数和结构参数对损失率、破碎率、含杂率、脱粒功耗等性能指标的影响程度.试验结果表明:在喂入量为2 kg/s时,影响4LZS-1.8型联合收割机脱分选工作性能的因素主次顺序为差速滚筒转速组合(B)、圆锥形风机叶片锥度(C)、差速滚筒高低速段长度比(A);最优方案为B=750/950 r/min、C=5°、A=2∶8(28型),对应性能指标为损失率1.28％、破碎率0.32％、含杂率0.48％,对应差速脱粒滚筒总功耗为16.66 kW,其中低速滚筒功耗占总功耗的74.73％,高速滚筒功耗占总功耗的25.27％.“,”Some new working parts such as coaxial differential-speed threshing cylinder and conical centrifugal fan were applied in the threshing-separating-cleaning unit of 4LZS-1.8 combine-harvester.In order to promote working performance,working parameters and structure parameters need to be optimized by experiments.Because of poor repeatability of field experiments,test bed for the performance of threshing-separating-cleaning unit was developed based on actual structure and dimensions of 4LZS-1.8 combine-harvester.Orthogonal tests were carried out on self-developed test bed,and range analysis and variance analysis of the test data were carried out by using DPS software,in order to identify the effects of working parameters and structure parameters such as differential roller speed combination,blade taper of conical centrifugal fan,length ratio of coaxial differential-speed threshing cylinder on performance indexes.The results indicated that sequence of factors influencing threshing and cleaning performances was differential roller speed combination,blade taper of conical centrifugal fan,and length ratio of coaxial differential-speed threshing cylinder.The optimum scheme was 750/950 r/min,5°,2:8,respectively.Loss rate was 1.28％,broken rate was 0.32％ and impurity rate was 0.48％.Total threshing power consumption was 16.66 kW,and low speed threshing cylinder and high speed threshing cylinder accounted for about 74.73％ and 25.27％ of total threshing power consumption,respectively.