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[目的]分析驻马店市2002～2007年狂犬病的流行特征,探讨其流行因素,提出有效防制措施,控制狂犬病的发生。[方法]收集驻马店市2002～2007年狂犬病病例资料、个案调查表进行描述性统计分析。[结果]2002～2007年驻马店市狂犬病发病逐年上升,由2002年的8例上升到2007年的23例,狂犬病疫情较为严峻。狂犬病疫情波及所有县(区);全年各月均有发病,有明显的夏秋季高峰;50～59岁(0.42/10万)、60～69岁(0.32/10万)、0～9岁(0.25/10万)的发病率高于其他年龄组;发病人群以农民为主,占73.08%。肇事动物均为犬类;患者被咬伤后,54.81%未作伤口处理,无1例真正规范处理;患者未接种免疫制剂的占73.08%,未全程免疫的占42.86%。[结论]养犬数量上升而管理滞后,患者暴露后伤口处理不及时、不规范、未处理,未注射狂犬病疫苗或免疫球蛋白,疫苗的质量等因素是导致驻马店市狂犬病疫情上升的原因,因此,加强以上各方面的管理力度是防制狂犬病的有效措施。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemic characteristics of rabies in Zhumadian from 2002 to 2007, discuss its epidemic factors, put forward effective prevention and control measures and control the occurrence of rabies. [Methods] The data of rabies cases from 2002 to 2007 in Zhumadian City were collected. The case-based questionnaires were descriptively analyzed. [Results] The incidence of rabies in Zhumadian City increased from 2002 to 2007, from 8 in 2002 to 23 in 2007, and the rabies epidemic was more severe. The epidemic of rabies affected all counties (districts); all the year-to-year incidence, with significant peak in summer and fall; 50-59 years (0.42 / 100000), 60-69 years (0.32 / 100000), 0-9 years (0.25 / 100000) higher incidence than other age groups; the main population of peasants, accounting for 73.08%. After the bite of the patients, 54.81% of them were not treated by wounds, and none of them was really regulated. The patients who did not receive immunization accounted for 73.08% and the patients who did not receive immunization accounted for 42.86%. [Conclusion] Factors such as the increase of the number of dog raising, the lag of management, the wound treatment after exposure, the non-standard, untreated or un-injected rabies vaccine or immunoglobulin, the quality of the vaccine and so on are the causes of rabies epidemic in Zhumadian City. Therefore, To strengthen the management of all the above aspects is an effective measure to prevent rabies.