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目的了解我市吸毒人群艾滋病、丙肝等疾病的感染情况及相关危险因素,制定相关对策,预防艾滋病由吸毒人群向一般人群传播。方法按照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案》自行设计调查问卷,对美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者134人入组时进行问卷调查,并抽取静脉血样进行HIV、HCV、梅毒抗体检测。结果共抽取有效血样130份,其中HIV抗体阳性者2人,阳性检出率1.54%,HCV抗体阳性者71人,阳性检出率54.62%,梅毒初筛阳性3人,阳性检出率2.31%。结论吸毒人群注射吸毒或注射与混吸者较多,达80.60%,艾滋病防治知识了解率较低,HCV抗体感染率较高,且在此人群中已经检出HIV阳性者,有性行为的患者半数以上存在无保护性行为,吸毒人群艾滋病感染危险因素广泛存在,亟需加强该人群的防病知识教育,使其改变行为,减少艾滋病等传染病在此人群中传播的几率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV / AIDS and hepatitis C among drug users in our city and the related risk factors and formulate relevant countermeasures to prevent the spread of HIV / AIDS from drug users to the general population. Methods A questionnaire was designed according to “Implementation Plan of National AIDS Sentinel Surveillance”. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 134 methadone maintenance treatment outpatients, and venous blood samples were taken for HIV, HCV and syphilis antibody testing. Results A total of 130 valid blood samples were collected, of which 2 were HIV positive, the positive rate was 1.54%, 71 were HCV antibody positive, the positive rate was 54.62%, the positive rate was 2.31% . Conclusion There were more drug addicts or injecting and mixing drugs in drug addicts, accounting for 80.60%. The rate of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge was low, and the rate of HCV antibody infection was high. In this population, HIV positive and sexual behaviors were detected More than half of them have unprotected sex. The risk factors of HIV infection among drug users are widespread. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the education of disease prevention knowledge among drug users so that they can change behaviors and reduce the chance of transmission of HIV / AIDS and other infectious diseases in this population.