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当政府由于精神障碍患者的行为危害或可能危害他人安全而必须参与对患者治疗的引导、实施甚至强制时,患者的人身自由权便会受到限制。当医方基于保护公共利益的需要而对患方施以保安性强制诊疗时,在医患公法关系的视野下,患者的人身自由权也会受到限制。限制精神障碍患者的人身自由权,根本目的不是剥夺权利本身,而是在维护公共安全的行政职责和保护公民个人合法权利之间进行权衡。在医患公法关系视野下,精神障碍患者的人身自由权是限制与保护并存的权利。
When a government has to be involved in guiding, enforcing or even enforcing patient care because of the behavior of patients with mental disorders that may endanger or possibly endanger the safety of others, the patient’s freedom of personal liberty may be limited. When the medical staff enforces mandatory compulsory treatment for patients based on the need to protect the public interest, the patient’s personal freedom may also be restricted in the perspective of public-legal relationship between doctors and patients. The ultimate goal of restricting the freedom of the person suffering mental disorders is not to deprive the right itself but to make a trade-off between the administrative duty of safeguarding public security and the protection of the legitimate rights of citizens. In the perspective of the relationship between doctors and patients, the right to personal freedom of patients with mental disorders is the right to limit and protect coexistence.