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让· 鲍德里亚(Jean Baudrillard, 1929-),法国最重要的当代思想家。他以罕见的彻底性和独创精神深入剖析了当代社会的组织方式和美学特征。这种彻底性不仅在于对现代主义逻辑、价值观的全面摒弃,更在于对新的感知、阐释方式的深入实验。如果说多数后现代主义思想家最终都是通过“后现代的手段”,即多元主义和解构方法,来达到一个“现代主义的目的”,即普遍的真理和正义,这种结合构成了致命的困境,那么鲍德里亚则全然抛弃了价值诉求,以获得对当下世界图景和人类有限性的精确描述。他善于用彻底拆除的方式反驳正在进行的问题,并且从不提供答案,不回答未来世界的方向,这就是他所谓的“致命的策略”——一种悬置策略的策略。为此,他把后现代主义对主体性、实在论和目的论的批判,进一步推进直至逆转。比如,在他看来,在消费文化符号交换的统治下,主体性不是简单地衰落或缺失,主体的自由已被人造符码全面控制,主体开始被客体所生产,如此以来,主体与客体就完全交换了权力位置。论及数码复制时代实在性的退场时,他认为,我们不仅已不再拥有任何本质的、实体的存在,而且实在本身已被虚拟所构造,虚拟不再以现实为摹本,而是自身仿造自身,虚拟就是实在。可见,所谓“致命的策略”,似乎是把系统的逻辑引向极致,迫使它成
Jean Baudrillard (1929-), France’s foremost contemporary thinker. He thoroughly analyzed the organization and aesthetics of contemporary society with a rare thoroughness and original spirit. This thoroughness lies not only in the total abandonment of modernist logic and values but also in the in-depth experiments on new ways of perception and interpretation. If the majority of postmodernist thinkers eventually achieve a “purpose of modernism,” namely universal truth and justice, through “postmodern means,” that is, pluralism and deconstruction, this combination constitutes a deadly predicament , Baudrillard then completely abandoned the value appeal in order to obtain a precise description of the current world picture and the limits of humanity. He is adept at refuting ongoing issues with total dismantling and never offers answers or answers to the future world, which he calls his “deadly strategy,” a strategy of suspension strategies. For this reason, he pushed postmodernist critique of subjectivity, realism and teleology further to reversal. For example, in his view, under the rule of symbolic exchange of consumer culture, subjectivity does not simply decline or disappear, the subject’s freedom has been completely controlled by man-made codes, and the subject begins to be produced by the object. Thus, both subject and object Fully exchanged power position. When it comes to the real exit from the era of digital copying, he believes that we not only no longer have any essential entity, but the reality itself has been constructed by the virtual. Instead of using the reality as the copy, the virtual imitates itself Virtual is real. It can be seen that the so-called “fatal strategy” seems to lead the logic of the system to the limit and force it into