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海底地下水排泄(SGD)是全球水循环的一个重要组成部分,是陆—海相互作用的研究热点。首先分析了海底地下水排泄的组成和驱动力,总结了海底地下水排泄的主要评价方法及其优缺点;其次阐述了海底地下水排泄向海洋输送溶解物质的重要作用及其对海洋生态环境的影响,并通过剖析咸淡水混合带的地球化学过程,指出地下河口在研究海底地下水排泄中的重要地位;最后给出未来海底地下水排泄的研究方向。
Seawater groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important part of the global water cycle and is a research hotspot of the land-sea interaction. Firstly, the composition and driving force of groundwater excretion in seafloor are analyzed, and the main evaluation methods and their advantages and disadvantages of groundwater excretion in seafloor are summarized. Secondly, the important role of groundwater excretion to the ocean in transporting dissolved matter and its impact on marine ecological environment are also discussed By analyzing the geochemical process of the brackish and freshwater mixed zone, the importance of the underground estuary in studying the groundwater discharge of the sea floor is pointed out. Finally, the research direction of the groundwater drainage in the future is given.