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电磁轨道炮发射过程中,轨道在电枢的超高速摩擦磨损作用下,会出现局部材料剥落,在接触面形成刨坑,影响轨道炮寿命和系统效率。通过观察试验中出现的刨坑形貌,发现刨坑前端有电枢滑过时犁起的沟痕,而电枢犁起的轨道材料会在电枢前端堆积出微颗粒。据此建立了微颗粒受电枢冲击载荷作用侵蚀轨道的二维模型,并利用有限元软件LS-DYNA对侵蚀过程进行了模拟,成功复现了与试验现象类似的刨坑轮廓。对比分析了不同电枢速度、颗粒材料、尺度和枢轨材料等参数下刨坑的变化,指出微颗粒的出现是引起刨削的根本原因,并提出合理设计电枢前角,选取屈服应力值较高的轨道有助于减小刨削对轨道的损伤。
Electromagnetic rail gun firing process, the track in the armature ultra-high speed friction and wear under the action, there will be local material spalling, the formation of planing pit contact surface, affecting rail life and system efficiency. By observing the morphology of the planing pits appearing in the test, it is found that there is a furrow plow when the armature pushes over the front end of the planing pit, and the orbital material piled up by the armature piles the microparticles on the front end of the armature. Based on this, a two-dimensional model of the orbital erosion of micro-particles affected by the armature impact load was established. The erosion process was simulated by the finite element software LS-DYNA, and the profile of the pit excavation similar to the test phenomenon was successfully reproduced. The variation of shaving pit under different parameters of armature speed, granular material, scale and pivoting material is comparatively analyzed. It is pointed out that the appearance of micro-particles is the root cause of shaving, and the rational design of armature front angle is proposed. The yield stress value The higher track helps to reduce the damage to the track from the planing.