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[目的]了解农村学校自备饮用水水源的卫生与水质状况,为政府部门制定改水决策提供技术依据。[方法]2008年11月,对北海市58所农村学校的自备饮用水进行卫生学调查,并对供水情况和师生的基本情况、饮水行为及饮水卫生知识知晓情况进行调查。[结果]调查58所学校自备水源,饮水覆盖35166人。检测末梢水58份,合格率较低的指标是pH值(合格率为24.14%)、总大肠菌群(合格率为75.86%)、耐热大肠菌群(合格率为75.86%)、细菌总数(合格的为67.24%)。末梢水水质总合格率为5.18%,饮用合格饮用水的3608人,占10.26%;微生物指标合格率为67.24%,饮用合格水的27698人,占78.76%;pH值合格率为24.14%,饮用合格水的10998人,占31.27%。饮水卫生知识合格率,水质合格率高的学校师生为76.03%,水质合格率低的学校师生为67.70%(P<0.01)。[结论]北海市农村使用自备水学校饮用水水质合格率较低,不合格水样覆盖人群较广,人群饮水卫生知识水平不高。
[Objective] To understand the hygiene and water quality of drinking water source for rural schools and provide technical basis for government departments to formulate water diversion decision. [Method] In November 2008, a hygiene investigation was carried out on the drinking water supplied by 58 rural schools in Beihai. The situation of water supply, the basic conditions of teachers and students, drinking water behavior and knowledge of drinking water hygiene were investigated. [Results] 58 schools were investigated for their own water supply, covering 35,166 people. 58 samples of peripheral water were tested. The indicators of low pass rate were pH value (pass rate of 24.14%), total coliforms (pass rate of 75.86%), heat-resistant coliforms (pass rate of 75.86%), total number of bacteria (67.24% qualified). The qualified rate of peripheral water quality was 5.18%, 3608 people were drinking qualified drinking water, accounting for 10.26%; the qualified rate of microbial index was 67.24%, 27,698 people drinking qualified water, accounting for 78.76%; the qualified rate of pH was 24.14% 10998 qualified water, accounting for 31.27%. 76.03% of teachers and students in schools with high passing rate of water sanitation knowledge and 67.70% of students with low pass rate of water quality (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The passing rate of drinking water in rural schools using self-contained water in Beihai is relatively low. The unqualified water samples cover a wide range of people and the level of drinking water hygiene knowledge is not high.