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目的探讨早期家庭干预对早产高危儿智能发育的影响。方法 100例早产高危儿,分为干预组和未干预组各50例。同时随机选取正常婴幼儿50例作为正常对照组。干预组出生后即从产科和新生儿科开始建立专科档案,采用家庭式干预模式对干预组患儿进行早期干预,三组儿童均定期随访,以《Gesell发育诊断量表》进行发育评估。结果 1岁时,干预组语言、个人社交、精细动作、大运动、适应行为和总发育商(DQ)均高于未干预高危对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组的个人社交、语言、精细动作和总DQ,与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但适应行为DQ、大运动DQ均比正常对照组儿童低(P<0.01)。高危儿对照组5个能区和总DQ均低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论高危儿早期家庭干预能促进早产高危儿的智能发育,1岁时在语言、个人社交、精细动作方面可与正常儿童相近。早起家庭干预对早产高危儿智能发育效果显著。
Objective To explore the effect of early family intervention on the intellectual development of high-risk premature infants. Methods 100 cases of high risk infants with preterm birth were divided into intervention group and non intervention group of 50 cases. At the same time, 50 normal infants and young children were randomly selected as the normal control group. After birth, the intervention group started to establish specialist files from the obstetrics and neonatology department. The family intervention model was adopted to intervene the intervention group. The three groups of children were followed up regularly. The developmental assessment was performed with “Gesell Developmental Diagnostic Scale”. Results At 1 year of age, the intervention group had higher scores of language, individual social activities, fine motor activities, big exercise, adaptive behavior and total developmental quotient (DQ) than those in high-risk control group without intervention (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in individual social, verbal, detailed motor and total DQ between the two groups (P> 0.05). However, DQ and DQ of exercise were lower than those of normal controls (P <0.01). The five regions of energy and total DQ in high risk infants control group were lower than those in normal controls (P <0.01). Conclusions Early family intervention in high-risk infants can promote the intelligence development of high-risk infants with premature infants, which can be similar to that of normal children at 1 year of age in terms of language, personal social interaction and fine motor activities. Early intervention in early intervention of high-risk infant preterm children with significant developmental effect.