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艺术语言是一种情感语言，它在表达主体特殊情感时，往往超越逻辑语法，表现为语法结构上的异常搭配（简称结构异配）。结构异配是艺术语言表达主体特殊情感的最自然的方式，言语主体采用异化、转化、虚化等手段，构建了语言单位之间的结构异配。结构异配是表层的破格语言形式，而结构异配所隐含的异配关系是结构异配得以存在的必要条件，也是区分艺术语言的破格表达方式的关键。分析结构异配意在探究异配关系和异配手段，以解释相同结构异配表现为不同的艺术语言表达方式的现象。
Art language is an emotional language, which often transcends logical grammar and expresses abnormal collocation of grammatical structures (structural mismatch for short) when it expresses the special emotion of the subject. Structural mismatch is the most natural way for art language to express the special emotion of the subject. The subject of speech adopts alienation, transformation and virtualization to construct the structural mismatch between language units. Structural mismatch is a superficial linguistic form, and the heteroscedastic relationship implied by structural mismatch is a necessary condition for structural mismatch, as well as the key to differentiating the expressive ways of artistic language. Analysis of the differences in the structure of the relationship between heterosexual relations and heterosexual means to explore the same structure of isometric to explain the phenomenon of different expressions of artistic language.