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选取2005~2013年吉林省“3414”田间试验中的氮肥用量处理,研究施氮水平对玉米产量和氮肥利用效率的影响,明确不同生态区之间的差异。结果表明,不施氮条件下吉林省玉米的平均产量为7 596 kg/hm~2。氮肥施用显著提高玉米产量,以适宜施氮量(N3)处理表现最好,产量最高达9 967 kg/hm~2,较不施氮(N1)处理平均增产2 371 kg/hm~2。玉米的氮肥农学利用率和偏生产力均以适宜施氮量的1/2(N2)处理最高,随施氮量增加氮肥利用效率均逐渐降低。不同生态区显著影响玉米的增产效果和氮肥利用效率,吉林省中部半湿润平原区的产量水平最高,东部湿润山区次之,西部半干旱平原区最低。施氮增产量和农学利用率以东部地区显著高于中、西部地区,偏生产力以东部地区最高而西部地区最低。
The effects of nitrogen application rate on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize were studied to determine the difference between different ecological zones. The results showed that the average yield of corn in Jilin Province was 7 596 kg / hm ~ 2 under no nitrogen application. N application significantly increased maize yield, and the best N application rate was 9 967 kg / hm ~ 2 and an average increase of 2 371 kg / hm ~ 2 compared with no N application. The agronomic efficiency and biased productivity of N fertilizer were the highest in 1/2 (N2) of suitable nitrogen application rate, while the N use efficiency of corn decreased gradually with the increase of N application rate. The yield of maize and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly affected by different ecological zones. The output of semi-humid plain in central Jilin Province was the highest, followed by humid mountainous areas in the east and lowest in the western semiarid plain. Nitrogen production and agronomic efficiency were significantly higher in the eastern part than in the central and western parts of China. Partial productivity was highest in the eastern part and lowest in the western part.