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清朝统一了天山南北后,为了巩固其在新疆的统治地位,沿用了自西汉以来历代实行的以军队为支柱的军府制统治,即“军政合一、以军统政”的管理体系。但是和历代不同的是清朝前期把军府统治中心放在新疆北部,设重兵驻防,并在北疆大规模屯田。从此以后不仅改变了新疆南农北牧经济格局,也使新疆“南回北准”的民族分布格局发生了根本的变化。
After the Qing Dynasty unified the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, in order to consolidate its dominance in Xinjiang, it followed the rule of the military regime with the army as the pillars since the Western Han Dynasty, that is, the management system of “military and government integration and Israeli army reunification.” However, unlike previous dynasties, the center of the ruling government of the military was placed in the northern part of Xinjiang in the early Qing Dynasty with a large number of troops stationed in the area and stationed in the northern province. Since then not only changed the pattern of economic development in the south, north and shepherd areas of Xinjiang, but also fundamentally changed the pattern of the ethnic distribution in the Xinjiang “north back to the north”.