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脑积水是因颅内疾病而导致的脑脊液量增加、脑室和蛛网膜下腔扩大。头围呈进行性增大、脸部相对显小、额部向前突出、两眼球向下、多伴有颅压增高。晚期表情呆滞,智力迟钝,营养不良,全身衰弱,易并发感染而死亡。据有关资料统计,目前我国新生儿先天性脑积水的发病率为3—11.84％,新生儿先天性脑积水占新生儿神经缺陷的38.44—56.25％;外伤后患脑积水的发病率为11.5—53.5％。每年,我国至少有36万例,全世界约有150万例脑积水患者产生。
Hydrocephalus is due to intracranial disease caused by increased cerebrospinal fluid volume, ventricular and subarachnoid enlargement. Head circumference was progressively increased, the face is relatively small, prominent forehead, the two eyes down, accompanied by increased intracranial pressure. Late expression of sluggish, mental retardation, malnutrition, general weakness, and complicated by infection and death. According to the statistics, the incidence of congenital hydrocephalus in our country is 3-11.84%. Neonatal congenital hydrocephalus accounts for 38.44-56.25% of neonatal neurological deficits. The incidence of hydrocephalus after trauma is 11.5-53.5%. Each year, there are at least 360,000 cases in our country and about 1.5 million patients with hydrocephalus in the world.