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人机联作解释工作站的发展大大提高了当今地球物理学家每日工作的效率,尤其是在三维测量领域中工作的效率。地震反射层或断层网的拾取以及对他们进行人机联作修改,使得这些解释系统具有高度的灵活性。这种快速修正假设的能力能使该系统易于建立三维模型,这是人工所不能及的。此外,由于向量处理超级计算机的研制与发展,使之有可能对叠后的三维数据体实施一步法三维深度偏移。这种一步法三维深度偏移,考虑了速度的横向变化,可依据深度—层速度模型精确地重建地下的几何形态。该模型是通过其与偏移结果相似而确认的,而模型是由未偏移的地震数据进行解释确定的。由成图模块计算等时线图;接着通过用现有的钻井资料标定地震处理所得的速度场的办法来估算层速度图。最后,通过偏移由射线追踪法得到的等时线图来算出这种深度模型。此后将偏移程序运用于三维数据体,就可能得到在选定深度范围内的局部偏移,因而使这种模型与偏移结果易于比较,直到获得满意的地下反射界面的图象为止。地下构造特征的精确成象显然是勘探家们面临的主要问题之一。这一目标现在可以通过三维技术来达到。自1975年以来的许多实例充分证明了三维技术的成功。三维技术特别得益于最近三年来的新的计算机技术的发展; (1)解释工作站的重大发展足以应付数据的大量增加。 (2)向量计算机技术的发展,使得以往不敢想象的新的偏移算法和模拟算法得以应用。本文将详细讨论我们如何依次使用解释工作站和在向量计算机上作三维偏移。用人机联作系统推测出作为一步法三维深度偏移的输入的地质模型,以便获得更精确的地下图象。这里分下列五个部分进行介绍: 1.解释系统的说明;2.三维深度偏移原理;3.速度模型的构制;4.成果;5.结论。
Human-computer interaction to explain the development of workstations greatly enhances the daily work of today’s geophysicist efficiency, especially in the field of three-dimensional measurement of the efficiency of work. Seismic reflection or fault network picks and their man-machine interaction modifications, making these interpretation system with a high degree of flexibility. This ability to quickly correct the assumptions makes it easy to build a three-dimensional model of the system, which is beyond human hands. In addition, due to the development and development of the vector processing supercomputer, it is possible to implement one-dimensional 3D depth migration on the stacked three-dimensional data volume. This one-step three-dimensional depth migration, considering the lateral variation of velocity, can accurately reconstruct the underground geometry according to the depth-velocity model. The model is confirmed by its similarity to the offset results, while the model is interpreted from the unde biased seismic data. The isochronograms are calculated by the mapping module. The layer velocity maps are then estimated by calibrating the velocities obtained by seismic processing using available drilling data. Finally, this depth model is calculated by offsetting the isochrone plot obtained by ray tracing. Subsequent application of the offset procedure to the three-dimensional dataset may result in a local offset over a selected depth range, thus allowing the model to be easily compared with the offset results until a satisfactory image of the subsurface reflection interface is obtained. The precise imaging of subsurface structural features is clearly one of the major problems that explorers face. This goal can now be achieved through 3D technology. Many examples since 1975 demonstrate the success of 3D technology. In particular, 3D technology has benefited from the development of new computer technologies in the last three years; (1) explaining that major developments in workstations are sufficient to meet the massive increase in data. (2) The development of vector computer technology has enabled the application of new migration algorithms and simulation algorithms that were previously unimaginable. This article will discuss in detail how we use interpretation workstations in turn and three-dimensional offsets on vector machines. The man-machine cooperative system is used to infer the geological model as the one-step three-dimensional depth migration input in order to obtain a more accurate underground image. Here are the following five sections to introduce: 1. Explain the system description; 2. Three-dimensional depth migration principle; 3. Speed model structure; 4. Results;