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目的了解合肥市居民健康素养水平,为制定和评价健康素养政策和干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法在合肥市4个区3个县的街道/乡镇抽取15~69岁居民共1 053人进行健康素养问卷调查。结果合肥市居民具备健康素养的比例为12.0%,具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能的比例分别是23.2%、19.2%、50.4%;具备5类健康问题素养比例由高到低依次为安全与急救52.7%、基本医疗52.6%、科学健康观50.9%、传染病预防49.4%、慢性病预防10.6%。具备健康素养比例城市居民高于农村居民,差异有统计学意义(χ2=62.65,P<0.01);文化程度、家庭平均月收入不同健康素养差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论应加强对合肥市城乡居民慢性病预防素养的宣传教育,提高具备慢性病预防素养的比例。
Objective To understand the level of health literacy of residents in Hefei and to provide the basis for the formulation and evaluation of health literacy policies and interventions. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to sample 1 053 residents aged 15-69 in the streets / townships of 3 counties in 4 districts of Hefei for health literacy questionnaire. Results The proportion of residents with health literacy in Hefei was 12.0%, 23.2%, 19.2% and 50.4% had basic knowledge and ideas, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills respectively. The proportion of those with five types of health problems increased from high 52.7% for safety and first aid, 52.6% for basic medical care, 50.9% for scientific health concept, 49.4% for infectious disease prevention and 10.6% for chronic disease prevention. The proportion of urban residents with health literacy was higher than that of rural residents (χ2 = 62.65, P <0.01). There was significant difference in education level and average monthly income among different health literatures (P <0.01). Conclusions Publicity and education on chronic disease prevention and literacy in Hefei urban and rural residents should be strengthened and the proportion of people with chronic disease prevention and literacy should be increased.