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张謇是科举制度的受益人,科举赋予了张謇广博的学识、崇高的儒者情怀、对教育的深刻洞悉以及丰厚的人脉资源,使他由一位农家子弟走上人生巅峰,更为其后半生的事业奠定了雄厚的基础。同时,张謇又是科举制度的受害人,几十年场屋蹉跎,使张謇看清了科举的本质,他敢于跳出科举,批判科举,开启新的教育事业。从一定意义上说,张謇既是旧教育的科场魁元,也是新教育的开路先锋。由于时代所限,张謇对科举制度的认知不可避免地带有历史局限性。
Zhang 謇 is the beneficiary of the imperial examination system. The imperial examination gave Zhang 謇 extensive knowledge, lofty Confucian sentiments, profound insight into education and rich personal resources, which made him go to the peak of his life by a peasant family, Career laid a solid foundation. At the same time, Zhang Huan is also the victim of the imperial examination system. For decades, Zhang Huan has seen the nature of the imperial examination. He dared to jump out of the imperial examinations, criticize the imperial examinations and start a new education. In a certain sense, Zhang Jian is both the chief excerpt of old education and the pioneer of new education. Due to the limitation of the times, Zhang Jian’s cognition of the imperial examination system inevitably brings historical limitations.