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向平安,男,湖南怀化人,苗族,1972年出生,现为湖南农业大学教授、博士生导师、生态学学科的学术带头人之一。向平安教授主要从事生态经济学和生态农业研究。近年来,对稻作的环境影响展开了较为系统的分析,研究发现:稻作外部性价值远大于其市场价值,稻作的真实价值被市场低估;稻作农业给人们带来巨大福祉的同时,农户追求私人收益最大化而高强度使用农用化学品贡献了面源污染,其对生态环境和人体健康的损害不容忽视;人口压力、市场失灵和公共部门调控不力是引致稻作外部成本的重要间接因素;稻-鸭生态种养技术既能增加农户的财务收入,又能减少温室气体甲烷的排放,具有良好的生态效
To peace, male, Hunan Huaihua people, Miao, born in 1972, is now a professor at Hunan Agricultural University, doctoral tutor, one of the academic leaders of ecology. Professor Ping mainly engaged in ecological economics and ecological agriculture research. In recent years, the environmental impact of rice has been systematically analyzed. The results show that: the value of rice externalities is far greater than its market value, the true value of rice is underestimated by the market; rice farming brings great benefits to people . Farmers’ pursuit of maximizing private benefits while using high-intensity agro-chemicals contributes to non-point pollution. Their damage to the ecological environment and human health can not be ignored. Population pressure, market failure and ineffective public sector regulation are important factors that contribute to the external costs of rice production Indirect factors; rice - duck ecological breeding technology can increase the financial income of farmers, but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions of methane, has a good ecological effect