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近几年来,“国家创新体制”理论在西方经济学界很走红,英、法、意等语种文献连续不断地刊载了数篇研究论文,学术专著也开始问世。目前欧美研究这个课题的学者约有四五十人,并有增加的趋势。 “国家创新体制”的思想可以追朔到德国古典经济学家李斯特的“国家生产体制”理论。但无疑熊彼特本世纪30—40年代关于技术创新理论的重要论述是其思想的主要渊源。进入60年代先是施姆克勒着重研究了技术创新与经济增长的关系,强调市场要求是推动技术创新的决定性力量。不久,弗里曼提出了与此完全相反的理论。他在研究了大公
In recent years, the theory of “national innovation system” has become very popular in the field of western economics. Several research papers have been published continuously in English, French, Italian and other languages, and academic monographs have also come out. At present, there are about 40 to 50 scholars who study this subject in Europe and the United States, and there is an increasing trend. The idea of “national innovation system” can be traced back to the “national production system” theory of the German classical economist Liszt. But undoubtedly, Schumpeter’s main account of the theory of technological innovation in the 30s and 40s of this century is the main source of his ideas. Entering the 1960s, Schmöller focused on the relationship between technological innovation and economic growth, stressing that market demand is the decisive force in promoting technological innovation. Soon, Freeman proposed the exact opposite theory. He is studying Dagong