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由工农业废料配制的两种堆肥作为试验用的基质:C1——酿造啤酒等废料(酵母和麦芽)加修剪下的柠檬树枝;C2——橄榄研磨厂废水的固体级分加橄榄树叶。以每种堆肥与泥炭藓泥炭或商品基质(CS)按不同的比例混合,可配制成16种基质。尽管基质的物理和理化特性例如总孔隙度和电导率(EC)都是合适的,但由堆肥提供的养分(氮和钾)释放缓慢,对金盏花发育的影响尤为明显。另一方面,由于对盐分含量敏感,EC和氯化物浓度是影响蒲包草生长的主要因素。为供金盏花发育的适宜的基质可以通过含量高达75%C1与泥炭或高达50%C1与CS混合,以及高达50%C2与泥炭或CS混合使用。对蒲包花来说,基质中堆肥比例应较低,可用50%C1与泥炭或CS混合,也可以用25%C2与泥炭或CS混合使用。因此,只要基质至少含有25%的泥炭或CS,源于工农业废料的堆肥可作为培育观赏植物的泥炭和CS的替代品。
Two composts made from industrial and agricultural wastes were used as substrates for testing: C1 - Lemon branches trimmed with waste such as brewers beer (yeast and malt); C2 - solid fraction of olive mill wastewater plus olive leaves. Each compost was mixed with peat moss peat or commercial substrate (CS) in different proportions to make up to 16 substrates. Although the physical and physicochemical properties of the matrix, such as total porosity and conductivity (EC), are appropriate, the nutrients (nitrogen and potassium) provided by the compost are released slowly and have a particularly pronounced effect on the development of marigolds. On the other hand, EC and chloride concentrations are the main factors that affect the growth of M. bungeana due to its sensitivity to salt content. A suitable substrate for the development of marigolds can be mixed with up to 75% C1 with peat or up to 50% C1 with CS, and up to 50% C2 with peat or CS. For plump flowers, the proportion of compost in the matrix should be low, with 50% C1 mixed with peat or CS, or 25% C2 mixed with peat or CS. Therefore, compost derived from industrial and agricultural waste can be used as a substitute for peat and CS for ornamentals as long as the substrate contains at least 25% peat or CS.