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Background Cyclo-oxgenase 2 (COX-2) is involved in prostaglandin synthesis in central nervous system, and it also plays a role in human carcinogenesis Our purpose of this study is to investigate the COX-2 expression in different development stages of colorectal cancer, and to discuss the relationship between the gene expression and clinicopathological features of the cancer Methods COX-2 expression was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 76 surgical specimens of colorectal cancer (44 of advanced stage and 32 of early stage), thirty-three adenomas and 18 normal colonic mucosal tissues taken by endoscopic biopsy Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the relation of COX-2 to prognosis Results COX-2 expression, divided into 4 grades from “-” to“+++”, is respectively 83 3%, 16 7%, 0% and 0% in normal colonic mucosal tissues; 12 1%, 42 4%, 36 4% and 9 1% in adenomas; 6 3%, 28 1%, 46 9% and 18 7% in early colorectal cancers (ECCs), and 6 8%, 20 5%, 18 2% and 54 5% in advanced colorectal cancers (CRCs) The differences in COX-2 expression between advanced CRCs and early colorectal cancers (ECCs) as well as between the advanced CRCs and adenomas were statistically significant ( P <0 01); but there was no significant difference between ECCs and adenomas Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in the survival curves between low high COX-2 groups ( P <0 05) Cox proportional hazards regression showed that COX-2 expression was related to poorer long-term outcome with a hazard ratio of 2 665 unadjusted for other variables ( P <0 05), and COX-2 expression was an independent risk factor of poor prognosis KH*2/5DConclusions COX-2 expression is gradually up-regulated in the development from normal epithelium to adenomas and from ECCs to advanced CRCs Alhough the COX-2 protein can not be regarded as a tumor marker to diagnose CRCs early, COX-2 expression can be regarded as an independent risk factor of poor prognosis for postoperative patients with advanced CRCs
Background Cyclo-oxgenase 2 (COX-2) is involved in prostaglandin synthesis in central nervous system, and it also plays a role in human carcinogenesis Our purpose of this study is to investigate the COX-2 expression in different development stages of colorectal cancer, and to discuss the relationship between the gene expression and clinicopathological features of the cancer Methods COX-2 expression was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 76 surgical specimens of colorectal cancer (44 of advanced stage and 32 of early stage), thirty-three adenomas and 18 Normal colonic mucosal tissues by endoscopic biopsy Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the relation of COX-2 to prognosis Results COX-2 expression, divided into 4 grades from “-” to “+++” , respectively, 83%, 16.7%, 0% and 0% in normal colonic mucosal tissues; 12 1%, 42 4%, 36 4% and 9 1% in adenomas; 6 3%, 28 1%, 46 9 % and 18 7% in early The differences in COX-2 expression between advanced CRCs and early colorectal cancers (ECCs) as well as between 18 8%, 20 5%, 18 2% and 54 5% in advanced colorectal cancers (CRCs) the advanced CRCs and adenomas were statistically significant (P <0.01); but there was no significant difference between ECCs and adenomas Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in the survival curves between low high COX-2 groups ) Cox proportional hazards regression showed that COX-2 expression was related to poorer long-term outcome with a hazard ratio of 2 665 unadjusted for other variables (P <0 05), and COX-2 expression was an independent risk factor of poor prognosis KH * 2 / 5DConclusions COX-2 expression is gradually up-regulated in the development from normal epithelium to adenomas and from ECCs to advanced CRCs Alhough the COX-2 protein can not be considered as a tumor marker to diagnose CRCs early, COX-2 expressi on can be regarded as an independent risk factor of poor prognosis for postoperative patients with advanced CRCs