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一、中棉12在我省的示范推广概况 棉花枯萎病和黄萎病是我国棉花生产的两种主要病害,1987年大流行,全省发病面积128～150万亩,重病田42万亩,绝产9万多亩,损失皮棉1000多万公斤;1989年再次大发生,老重病棉区发病严重,如钟祥县植棉22.6万亩,发病的达17.5万多亩,发病率20％以上的7.5万多亩,绝产的1.73万亩。这已成为我省部分重病区棉花生产上的主要障碍。 在过去20多年中,我省主要把防病重点放在种子消毒、水旱轮作为主的综合防治措施上,效果也显著,但近年来病害传播快、分布广、危害重,水旱轮作有其局限性,难度大,要想进一步控制病害,在重病棉区只有采取种植棉花抗病品种为主的综合防治措施。1984年我省从中棉所引进抗病品种中棉12试验,1987年对江陵、枝江、宜城、黄冈等县种植中棉12参试材料进行了综合考评,1988年对中棉12大面积示范种植抗病增产效果组织了现场考察总结,1989
First, the cotton in 12 provinces in our province to promote the model overview Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt is the two major diseases of cotton production in our country, the 1987 pandemic, the province incidence of 128 to 150 acres, 42 million acres of serious disease, Jinshui 90,000 mu, loss of lint more than 10 million kilograms; occurred again in 1989, the incidence of serious old cotton area, such as Zhongxiang County cotton planting 226,000 mu, the incidence of 175,000 mu, the incidence of more than 20% 75,000 mu, 17,000 mu of abortion. This has become the main obstacle to cotton production in some seriously ill areas in our province. In the past 20 years, our province mainly focused on the prevention and treatment of diseases with comprehensive measures of prevention and control of seed disinfection and water-dry rotation. The results are also remarkable. However, in recent years, the disease has spread rapidly, distributed widely and endangered. Its limitations, difficult, in order to further control the disease, in the seriously ill cotton area only to take cotton varieties resistant to comprehensive prevention and control measures. In 1984, the province introduced the cotton variety “Zhongmian 12” from CIMC. In 1987, it conducted a comprehensive evaluation on the cultivation of 12 cotton varieties in the counties of Jiangling, Zhijiang, Yicheng and Huanggang. In 1988, Demonstration planting disease-resistant and yield-increasing effect organized the site investigation summary, 1989