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在19世纪以来的俄罗斯文学和十月革命以来的苏联文学的历史发展过程中,文学批评都发挥了显著的作用,在国内外产生了深远的影响。普希金早就说过,“批评状况本身就说明了整个文学的教养程度”。足见重视文学批评在整个文学以至社会生活中的作用和影响,乃是俄苏文学界的一贯传统。如今苏联解体快三年了,苏联文学及其批评已成为历史,但是作为这一文学传统的主要继承者的俄罗斯文学及其批评仍继续存在并发展着。人们关
In the historical development of Russian literature since the 19th century and the Soviet Union since the October Revolution, literary criticism has played a significant role and has had far-reaching effects both at home and abroad. Pushkin said long ago that “the state of criticism itself shows the degree of rearing of the entire literature.” It is the consistent tradition of Russian and Soviet literary circles that we should pay attention to the role and influence of literary criticism in the entire literature and social life. Now that the Soviet Union has been dismantling for almost three years, the Soviet literature and its criticism have become history, but Russian literature and its criticism as the main successors to this literary tradition continue to exist and develop. People are off