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环境对优生的影响,首先是通过环境中有害因素对父或母的生殖健康发生影响;然后经受精、妊娠,而影响子代的发育和健康。由于胚胎和胎儿对有害因素的毒性作用较成年人敏感,因此,当有害因素的强度对父或母尚未引起明显的临床表现时,已可对子代产生不良影响。 有害因素对男性生殖健康的作用是经下丘脑——垂体——睾丸轴或影响附性腺功能(性欲、性交能力、射精)而影响精子改变,从而导致不能受精。有害因素还可致生发细胞的遗传物质或染色体损伤;当受损伤
The impact of the environment on eugenics, first of all, affects the reproductive health of the father or mother through harmful factors in the environment; then fertilization and pregnancy affect the development and health of the offspring. Because embryos and fetuses are more toxic to adults than adults, adverse effects may have adverse effects on offspring when the strength of the harmful agents has not caused any significant clinical manifestations in the parent or mother. Harmful effects on male reproductive health affect the sperm changes by the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis or by affecting gonadal function (libido, sexual abilities, ejaculation) resulting in inability to fertilize. Harmful factors can also cause germ cell genetic material or chromosomal damage; when damaged