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本文采用DEA(数据包络分析)相对效率评价方法,对2004-2008年上海市制造业35个行业全部国有及规模以上非国有企业的技术效率和规模效率进行了分析,结果表明,各行业这两方面效率差异显著,多数行业不能同时实现技术与规模有效,并且五年间多数行业的这两方面效率出现一定的退步,说明上海市制造业效率仍存在较大的提高余地;在此基础上用Malmquist效率指数计算了上海市制造业的全要素生产率,并将其分解成技术进步率和技术效率,结果表明在技术进步的推动下,各行业全要素生产率均出现不同幅度的增长,但技术效率出现一定的退步,提升技术利用效率和调整生产规模应成为上海市制造业未来的战略重点。
In this paper, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) relative efficiency evaluation method was used to analyze the technical efficiency and economies of scale of all state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises above designated size in 35 industries in Shanghai during 2004-2008. The results show that all industries There are significant differences in efficiency between the two aspects. Most industries can not achieve both technology and scale at the same time. In the past five years, the efficiency of these two aspects in most industries shows a certain degree of regression. This shows that there is still much room for improvement in manufacturing efficiency in Shanghai. On this basis, The Malmquist efficiency index calculates the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry in Shanghai and decomposes it into the rate of technological progress and the efficiency of technology. The results show that the total factor productivity of all industries shows a different growth rate driven by technological progress, but the technical efficiency A certain degree of regression has emerged. Improving the efficiency of technology utilization and adjusting the production scale should become the strategic focus of Shanghai’s manufacturing industry in the future.