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目的了解安徽省农村已婚妇女避孕现状,探讨避孕方式和人工流产关系,为生殖保健提供依据。方法在保证市级代表性基础上,分层整群抽取15~49岁52 481名农村育龄妇女,采用先集中后入户调查方式进行问卷调查。结果在过去6个月内,调查对象的避孕率为95.2%(49 970人);选择长效避孕模式和短效避孕模式分别占46.7%(24 481人)和48.5%(25 489人),其中女性结扎比率最高,占43.7%(22 916人),其次为避孕环,占41.1%(21 563人);选择长效避孕工具、短效避孕工具及未避孕的妇女中,有人工流产史者分别占25.2%(6 165人),38.0%(9 684人),37.9%(951人),3组差异有统计学意义(2χ=983.16,P<0.001)。结论避孕的有效性与人工流产密切相关,有关部门应提高农村妇女对各种避孕工具的认识及避孕的有效性,从而降低人工流产率。
Objective To understand the contraceptive status of married women in rural areas of Anhui Province and to explore the relationship between contraceptive methods and induced abortion so as to provide the basis for reproductive health care. Methods 52 481 rural women of childbearing age from 15 to 49 years old were selected by stratified clustering on the basis of ensuring municipal representativeness. Results In the past 6 months, the contraceptive prevalence rate of respondents was 95.2% (49 970), 46.7% (24 481) and 48.5% (25 489) of them chose long-term contraceptive mode and short-acting contraceptive mode respectively, Among them, the rate of female ligation was the highest, accounting for 43.7% (22 916), followed by the contraceptive ring, accounting for 41.1% (21 563). Among the long-term contraceptives, short-acting contraceptives and women without contraception, abortion history Accounting for 25.2% (6 165), 38.0% (9 684) and 37.9% (951), respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (2χ = 983.16, P <0.001). Conclusion The effectiveness of contraception is closely related to abortion. Relevant departments should improve the awareness of rural women about various contraceptives and the effectiveness of contraception so as to reduce the rate of induced abortion.