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目的探讨青海省近10年鼠疫流行态势,为制定预防控制对策提供依据。方法应用Excel软件统计2006~2015年青海省鼠疫监测、鼠疫疫源地调查和人间鼠疫病例数据库,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2006~2015年青海省发生3起人间鼠疫疫情,动物间鼠疫流行主要分布在青海西部的乌兰县、天骏县和青南地区的玉树县,流行季节为每年的5~l1月,高峰期为6~7月。从染疫动物和媒介昆虫体内分离鼠疫菌63株,其中动物检菌46株,喜马拉雅旱獭检出菌株数占65.1%(41/63);媒介昆虫检菌17株,斧形盖蚤检出菌株数占15.9%(10/63)。结论 2006~2015年青海省动物鼠疫每年均有发生,局部地区处于活跃状态;应加强动物间鼠疫疫情监测,严防人间鼠疫流行。
Objective To explore the epidemic situation of plague in Qinghai Province in the recent 10 years and to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The software of Excel was used to count the epidemic plague surveillance in Qinghai Province from 2006 to 2015, the plague origin investigation and human plague case database, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze. Results Three human plague epidemics occurred in Qinghai Province from 2006 to 2015. The prevalence of plague in animals was mainly distributed in Wulan County, Tianjun County and Yushu County in Qingnan Prefecture in western Qinghai Province. The epidemic season was between 5 January and 1 January, For 6 ~ July. 63 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from infected animals and medium insects, including 46 strains of animals, of which 65.1% (41/63) were detected by Himalayan marmot, 17 were detected by vector insects, The number accounted for 15.9% (10/63). Conclusion The animal plague of Qinghai Province occurred from 2006 to 2015, and some areas were active. The plague epidemic monitoring should be strengthened to prevent the epidemic of human plague.