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选用常规粳稻、杂交粳稻、常规籼稻、杂交籼稻及两系杂交稻5种类型共7个水稻品种,在大田中不施氮条件下,研究了供试水稻材料对土壤基础供氮量利用的差异。结果表明:①籼稻的土壤基础供氮量平均比粳稻高25.6%;杂交籼稻比常规籼稻高19.5%,杂交粳稻比常规粳稻高32.5%。②土壤基础供氮量在植株器官中的分配比例以叶、茎鞘的变异幅度较大,而穗的变异幅度则较小;叶中氮的分配比例以粳稻最高,而杂交粳稻与常规粳稻间及杂交籼稻与常规籼稻之间无明显差异。③土壤氮素利用效率(NUEs)随着土壤基础肥力上升而提高,粳稻的NUEs提高幅度大于籼稻。土壤氮籽粒利用效率(Ng/Ns)以两系杂交籼稻最高,籼稻的Ng/Ns大于粳稻,杂交籼稻与常规籼稻及杂交粳稻与常规粳稻间Ng/Ns无明显差异。④100kg籽粒需氮量增加幅度也是粳稻高于籼稻。
A total of seven rice cultivars, conventional japonica, japonica hybrid rice, conventional indica rice, indica hybrid rice and two-line hybrid rice, were selected to study the differences in nitrogen utilization of soil from the tested rice cultivars without nitrogen application . The results showed that: (1) The basal nitrogen supply of indica rice was 25.6% higher than that of japonica rice on average; that of indica rice was 19.5% higher than that of conventional indica rice; and that of japonica hybrid rice was 32.5% higher than that of japonica rice. (2) The distribution ratio of nitrogen-based soil in plant organs was larger in leaves, stems and sheaths, while the variation range of ear was smaller; the distribution ratio of nitrogen in leaves was the highest in japonica rice, while that in japonica hybrid rice and conventional japonica rice There was no significant difference between hybrid indica rice and conventional indica rice. (3) Soil NUEs increased with the increase of soil basic fertility. The NUEs of japonica rice increased more than that of indica rice. Ng / Ns was the highest in two-line hybrid rice, Ng / Ns in indica rice was higher than that in japonica rice, and there was no significant difference in Ng / Ns between indica rice, conventional indica rice, japonica hybrid rice and conventional japonica rice. ④ 100kg grain nitrogen demand increase is also higher than indica rice.