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蓬勃兴起的西部开发,实际上是西部的现代化进程。这一进程,会不会使西部这个中国少数民族最集中区域各具特色的民族文化遭到破坏呢? 美国人DanieI B.Wright在对贵州榕江的民俗作过长期考察后认为,除了个别情况是例外,少数民族的“现代”都市化生活方式越是突出,其族群自身的独特传统就体现得越少。在中国类似于贵州榕江这样的贫困地区,民族文化生态的变异状况基本取决于某种文化所在区域与公路的远近关系。公路决定了当地族群与外面世界的关联程度。在云贵地区,由于交通的发展使以前用来唱侗歌的古楼,现在成了 开村委会和唱卡拉OK的地方;而在甘肃岷县一带,原来穿着夫夹儿、系着彩腰带的回、土家、撒拉等少数民族群众,因受外来服饰的影响,如今也是一身西装地参加“花儿会”。 社会学者潘年英的论调听起来有些“另类”:“那些生活在贫困地区又保持了独特文化的人们,会因为突然而来的文明冲击而失去他们的独特。他们可能有了电视,但他们再也不会有赶着羊而唱歌的快乐。” 在全球经济、文化一体化大潮猛烈席卷而来的时候,费孝通先生警告说,不要把西部那些多元的文化给冲掉了、毁掉了! 当然,包括西部少数民族在内的所有中国人,都有权过上享受现代化文明成果的富裕日子;另外,以现代理念开发的成功先例在西部也
The rapid development of the western region is actually the process of modernization in the west. Will this process undermine the unique national culture in the western region, where the minority nationalities of China are most concentrated? Americans Daniei B.Wright, after long-term investigations into the folk customs of Rongjiang in Guizhou, considered that except for some cases Is the exception, the more prominent the “modern” urbanization lifestyle of ethnic minorities is, and the less their own unique traditions are embodied. In a poor area like China’s Rongjiang in Guizhou, the variation of the national cultural ecology basically depends on the distance and distance between the area where a certain culture is located and the road. The road determines the level of connection between the local community and the outside world. In the Yun-Gui area, the ancient buildings formerly used to sing Dong-Cang songs have now become the place where villagers committees and karaoke parties are singing because of the development of transportation. In Minxian County, Gansu, The return of Tujia, Salar and other ethnic minorities, due to the influence of foreign costumes, is now a suit to participate in the “flower will.” Sociologist Pan Nian-ying’s argument sounds a bit “alternative.” “Those who live in poor areas and maintain a unique culture lose their uniqueness due to the sudden impact of civilization, they may have television, but they again There will be no happy singing of sheep. ”As the tide of global economic and cultural integration swept over, Mr. Fei warned not to wash away the diverse cultures in the west and ruin it! Of course, all Chinese, including the ethnic minorities in the western region, have the privilege of enjoying rich days of enjoying the fruits of modern civilization. In addition, the success precedent developed by the modern concept has also been implemented in the western region