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以浙江省奉化市覆盖栽培的雷竹林为研究对象,运用定位研究方法揭示在相似气候和土壤质地条件下,不同覆盖年限下雷竹林土壤土壤钾素的养分变化特征。研究结果表明,不同覆盖年限的林地土壤全钾和速效钾存在显著差异。试验林地全钾含量变幅是12.5~34.24g/kg,速效钾是37.55~492.34mg/kg,速效钾的变异十分显著而全钾相对较小。全钾含量在覆盖栽培10年之前逐步递增,速效钾含量在覆盖3次或超过6年后增加尤为明显。值得关注的是全钾含量在10年后又趋下降,速效钾含量在覆盖栽培8年后开始下降,全钾含量变化幅度小于速效钾主要是由于二者养分来源和利用状态不同所致,矿物态的难溶性和缓效性钾是全钾主体,相对稳定,覆盖物料的残留分解释放引起速效钾养分增加显著。因而,从土壤肥力因子钾素养分来说,覆盖年限不宜超过10年,连续覆盖的次数或频率应少于3或4次,以稳定或提高雷竹林土壤钾素养分状况。
Taking the Phyllostachys pubescens plantation covered in Fenghua City, Zhejiang Province as the research object, the location-based research methods were used to reveal the changes of soil potassium nutrients under different coverage years under similar climate and soil texture conditions. The results showed that there was a significant difference in total potassium and available potassium in forest land with different coverage years. The variation range of total potassium content was 12.5-34.24g / kg, and available potassium was 37.55-492.34mg / kg. The variation of available potassium was very significant and total potassium was relatively small. The total potassium content gradually increased 10 years before covered cultivation, and the available potassium content increased more obviously after covering 3 times or more than 6 years. It is worth noting that total potassium content tended to decline again after 10 years, available potassium content began to decline 8 years after covered cultivation, total potassium content less than the available potassium is mainly due to the two sources of nutrients and the use of different states, minerals State of insoluble and slow-acting potassium is the main body of potassium, relatively stable, covering the residue of the material decomposition and release caused by rapid increase of available potassium nutrients significantly. Therefore, from the soil fertility factor potassium nutrients, the coverage of the age should not exceed 10 years, the frequency or frequency of continuous coverage should be less than 3 or 4 times, in order to stabilize or improve the soil potassium status of Phyllostachys praecox.