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利用籼粳型和籼籼型以及光温敏核不育型共5个组合杂交水稻的幼穗进行离体培养探讨杂交水稻的愈伤组织诱导和体细胞胚胎发生,除成功诱导出愈伤组织与体细胞胚外,在所试验材料研究中还显示出以下趋势:(1)籼粳型幼穗愈伤组织诱导率高于籼籼型,两者又都高于光温敏核不育型;(2)体细胞胚胎发生与愈伤组织的胚细胞生活力为关。材料之间胚性细胞生活力与体胚发生率呈籼梗型≥光温敏核不育型>籼籼型的趋势;(3)建立了体细胞无性系和获得大量体胚的培养程序,为进行两系杂交稻的有关基因导入等遗传操作提供了较理想的研究材料。此外,光温敏核不育系杂交后幼穗培养得到体胚尚属国内外首次报道。
In this study, the callus induction and somatic embryogenesis of hybrid rice were studied in vitro using the young spikes of a total of five combinations of indica-japonica, indica-indica and photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines. Except for the successful induction of callus Compared with somatic embryos, the following trends were also observed in the materials studied: (1) The induction rate of indica-japonica young callus was higher than that of indica-indica, both of which were higher than the photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile; ( 2) Somatic embryogenesis is related to callus cell viability. The trend of embryogenic viability and somatic embryogenesis between indica type and photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile varieties> indica-indica type was observed. (3) The somatic clones and the culture program of obtaining a large number of somatic embryos were established. This study provides an ideal research material for genetic manipulation of two-line hybrid rice. In addition, the somatic embryos obtained after the culture of young thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines after hybridization are the first reported at home and abroad.