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目的调查连云港市城区3~14岁儿童支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)的流行现状。方法整群随机抽样9 612名儿童,发放初筛调查问卷,可疑对象予确诊,采用SPSS 19.0软件统计分析结果。结果连云港城区3~14岁儿童哮喘患病率为4.2%,其中男5.01%,女3.28%,天气变化或接触冷空气是本地区儿童哮喘恶化的主要原因。哮喘组中家具合成板为主以及父亲吸烟的几率明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。哮喘诊断前β内酰胺类使用率达80.60%。仅47.01%的家庭表示完全能够承受治疗费用,33.58%的患儿每年影响学习时间超过10d,5.97%的患儿从不参加体育活动。结论连云港地区3~14岁儿童哮喘患病率高于全国水平,生活环境及方式有待改善,及时诊断、合理用药和规范治疗是防治关键。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma (asthma) in children aged 3-14 years in Lianyungang city. Methods A total of 9 612 children were randomly enrolled in the study. The questionnaire survey was conducted and suspicious individuals were diagnosed. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the results. Results The prevalence of asthma in children aged 3-14 years in Lianyungang city was 4.2%, of which 5.01% were males and 3.28% were females. Changes in the weather or contact with cold air were the main reasons for the worsening of asthma in children in this area. In the asthma group, there was a significant increase in the risk of smoking on the furniture panel and the father compared with the control group (P <0.05). Β-lactams before asthma diagnosis rate of 80.60%. Only 47.01% of the families said they could afford the treatment. 33.58% of the children had an impact on the study for more than 10 days per year, and 5.97% never attended the physical activity. Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in children aged 3 ~ 14 years in Lianyungang is higher than the national average level. The living environment and methods need to be improved. Diagnosis and rational use of drugs and standardized treatment are the key points in prevention and treatment.