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受限空间中的有效电波覆盖直接影响通信质量和可靠性,对天线系统的布局优化尤为重要.然而现有的研究很少考虑本来就处于隧道中的天线参数对电波覆盖的影响.针对铁路隧道这种特殊的受限空间情况首先介绍了电波覆盖的研究方法和现状,然后利用射线追踪方法、波导模式方法和矢量抛物方程方法对电波覆盖进行了预估,针对笔形方向图的特征采用高斯方向图重点研究了不同的天线主瓣宽度、波束指向以及在隧道截面的位置对电波覆盖的影响,分析了沿隧道轴向不同区域内电波覆盖的不同特征,最后研究了受限空间中电波覆盖的三段式模型.本文的方法和模型可以为隧道内的天线选型及优化布局提供理论依据和参考.
The effective radio coverage in confined space directly affects the communication quality and reliability, which is particularly important for the layout optimization of the antenna system.However, the existing research seldom considers the influence of the antenna parameters that have been in the tunnel on the radio coverage.For the railway tunnel This particular circumstance of limited space firstly introduces the research methods and present situation of radio wave coverage, and then uses the ray tracing method, the waveguide mode method and the vector parabolic equation method to estimate the radio wave coverage. According to the characteristics of the pencil pattern, the Gaussian direction The figure focuses on the influence of different antenna main lobe width, beam direction and position of the tunnel cross section on the radio wave coverage. Different characteristics of the radio wave coverage in different regions along the tunnel are analyzed. Finally, the coverage of the radio wave in the limited space Three-stage model.The method and model in this paper can provide theoretical basis and reference for antenna selection and optimization layout in tunnel.