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互文,又叫“互言”、“互辞”、“互义”等等,它指的是一种利用上下文的互相补充、呼应而使文义完备,并取得一定修辞效果的表达手段。在中学文言文中,互文,作为一常见的修辞格,从其表意上讲,主要可概括为以下几种类型。一、前后文互相补充,体现为前后呼应词语的相加。即呼应的a、b组成a+b,c、d组成c+d等等。例如: ①每至晴初霜旦,林(a)寒(c)涧(b)肃(d)。(郦道元《水经注》) ②主人(a)下马(c)客(b)在船(d),举酒欲饮无管絃。(白居易《琵琶行》) 例①中前后呼应的“林”、“涧”与“寒”、“肃”互文
Intertextuality, also known as “mutual expression”, “mutual reciprocity”, “mutual meaning”, etc., refers to a means of expression that uses context to complement each other and respond to complete the context and achieve certain rhetorical effects. In the middle school classical texts, intertextuality, as a common rhetorical device, can be summarized from the following types. First, the previous and the next articles complement each other and reflect the addition of words before and after echoing. That is, the echoed a and b constitute a+b, c and d constitute c+d and so on. For example: 1 every frost, Dan (a) cold (c) 涧 (b) Su (d). (Zhu Daoyuan’s “Water Meridian”) 2 Master (a) Dismount (c) Guest (b) On the ship (d), the libations of the wine are to be made without strings. (Bai Juyi’s “Yan Xing”) Interpreting the “Lin”, “Xun” and “Cold” and “Su” Intertextual Echo in Example 1