论文部分内容阅读
从系统角度、采用基于自然的解决方案是当前生态保护修复的重要热点和亟需加强的领域.本文以在国家和一带一路具有“生态屏障”地位,但生态脆弱亟需加强生态保护修复的阿勒泰地区为例,以山水林田湖草生命共同体理念为指导,研究分析阿勒泰地区山水林田湖草生命共同体各要素耦合关系、主要生态问题及一体化保护修复对策.研究表明,阿勒泰具有典型的山地-绿洲-荒漠复合系统结构,并且河湖联通使区域内部生态关系更加紧密;水生态系统资源-环境-生态问题交织、森林草地农田等陆地生态系统质量退化、生态系统破碎化严重、生态风险持续加大等是区域主要生态环境问题.研究提出,把生态系统健康与功能提升作为阿勒泰地区生态保护修复的核心和关键,从生态系统整体性角度建立分区治理格局,以功能协同提升为目标设计不同分区的治理策略,从生态系统服务功能角度明确不同分区重点工程任务.山水林田湖草生态保护修复是基于自然的解决方案在中国的应用与发展.本文研究构建了识别区域生命共同体、诊断生态保护修复分区问题、分类提出山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程对策的分析框架,研究结果将进一步丰富山水林田湖草系统保护修复的理论技术,可为阿勒泰地区一体化生态保护修复实践提供重要指导.“,”The adoption of both Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and a system perspective is a hot issue and an area in which there is much room for improvement in ecological protection and restoration. The study takes Altay region as an example, an area located in Xinjiang, China, which is an important ecological corridor of the national key functional area and the core area of the Belt and Road but has a fragile ecological environment and needs much enhancement in ecological protection and restoration. Guided by the concept of “mountains-rivers-forests- farmlands-lakes-grasslands (MRFFLG) system is a life community”, the coupling relationship of the various MRFFLG elements, the main ecological environmental problems and the integrated countermeasures for protection and restoration in Altay region have been analyzed in this study. The study shows that Altay region has a typical meta-ecosystem of mountain, oasis, and desert, and the connections by rivers and lakes make the ecosystem links within the region much closer. The interweaving of resource-environmental-ecological issues of the aquatic eco-system, degradation of the quality of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests, grasslands and farmlands, the in-creased ecosystem fragmentation and ecological risks are the major ecological environmental issues in this region. This study takes the improvement of the ecosystem health and function in Altay region as the core goal of regional ecological protection and restoration. First, we establish a zoning governance pattern from the perspective of eco-system integrity; second, we design governance strategies for different zones with the goal of synergistic im-provements in the ecosystem functions; and finally, we clarify the key engineering tasks in different zones from the perspective of ecosystem services. Ecological conservation and restoration of the MRFFLG system is a prime example of the application and development of NbS in China. This paper constructs an analytical framework for identifying regional life communities, diagnosing ecological protection and restoration of zoning problems, and proposing classified solutions for ecological protection tasks for the protection of the MRFFLG system. This re-search will enrich the theory and technology for the protection and restoration of MRFFLG systems, and provide guidance for the practice of ecological protection and restoration in Altay region.