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目的了解湖南省长沙市部分家长对学龄期儿童体形认知情况,分析其影响因素,为今后预防儿童肥胖提供依据。方法于2012年4月对长沙市2 224名4～6年级学龄儿童进行体格测量(身高、体重),根据世界卫生组织2007年体质指数(BMI)评分标准进行体形分组;通过问卷调查了解家长对儿童体形的认知,并采用logistic回归分析认知的影响因素。结果图形估计结果显示,有53.7%的家长低估了学生体形;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,导致家长对儿童体形认知产生数值低估的危险因素为学生体形较胖(OR=35.763,95%CI=23.745～53.863);保护因素为女性家长(OR=0.623,95%CI=0.400～0.969);导致家长对儿童体形认知产生图形低估的危险因素有居住在农村(OR=1.464,95%CI=1.090～1.966)、学生年级较高(OR=1.272,95%CI=1.067～1.517)、学生体形较胖(OR=32.089,95%CI=16.810～61.255);保护因素有家长受教育程度高(OR=0.870,95%CI=0.773～0.979)、家长体形超重或肥胖(OR=0.578,95%CI=0.403～0.830)。结论长沙市家长对学龄期儿童体形认知存在低估偏倚,应加强宣传教育,使家长能够正确评估儿童的体形并且认识到儿童超重和肥胖问题的严重性。
Objective To understand the cognition of body shape of school-aged children of some parents in Changsha City of Hunan Province and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for the future prevention of childhood obesity. Methods The physical measurements (height and weight) of 2 224 schoolchildren aged 4 to 6 in Changsha City were conducted in April 2012 according to the body mass index (BMI) score of 2007 in the World Health Organization (WHO) Children’s body shape cognition, and using logistic regression analysis of cognitive factors. Results The results showed that 53.7% of the parents underestimated the student’s body shape. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors that caused parents to underestimate the value of children’s body shape were fatter students (OR = 35.763, 95% CI = 23.745 ~ 53.863). The protective factors were female parents (OR = 0.623, 95% CI = 0.400-0.969). The risk factors for parents’ underestimation of children’s body shape were those living in rural areas (OR = 1.464,95% CI (OR = 1.272, 95% CI = 1.067-1.517), and the students were fatter (OR = 32.089, 95% CI = 16.810 ~ 61.255). The protective factors were parents with higher education level (OR = 0.870, 95% CI = 0.773-0.979). The parents were overweight or obese (OR = 0.578, 95% CI = 0.403-0.830). Conclusion Parents in Changsha have underestimated the body shape cognition of school-age children. Publicity and education should be strengthened so that parents can correctly assess children’s body shape and recognize the seriousness of children’s overweight and obesity.