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关于酸碱滴定中终点误差的计算公式,分析化学教科书或参考书中,采用了多种不同的方法进行处理,在特定条件下进行近似计算,公式多种多样,难于记忆。有的还要先计算出等当点的pH值,才能进行误差计算,或者才能判断加入滴定剂过量或不足,从而确定终点误差的正值或负值,殊为不便。本文从电荷平衡与物料平衡或质子条件以及酸效应分布系数的基础上,推导出各种滴定情况下的计算公式,找出这些公式的内在联系,从而归纳出酸碱滴定终点误差的计算通式,使于学习和记忆。
On the acid-base titration endpoint error formula, analytical chemistry textbooks or reference books, using a variety of different methods for processing, under certain conditions for approximate calculation, a variety of formulas, difficult to remember. Some also have to calculate the pH value of the equivalent point before the error can be calculated, or to determine the addition of titrant over or under, so as to determine the positive or negative end-point error, which is inconvenient. Based on the charge balance and the material balance or proton conditions and the distribution coefficient of acid effect, this paper deduced the calculation formulas under various titration conditions and found out the internal relations of these formulas, then deduced the calculation formula of the end point error of acid-base titration , Make learning and memory.