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目的了解复治肺结核患者患病期间的心理体验,并分析其产生的原因。方法选择2015年1—4月在同济大学附属上海市肺科医院诊治的复治肺结核患者22例,采用现象学研究方法和半结构式访谈方式进行深入访谈,对获得的访谈资料进行整理分析,对患病经历的心理体验过程进行主题提炼。结果22例患者均完成访谈,共提炼出3个主题,分别是为隐瞒病情而感到无奈、被他人躲避而感到痛苦和对疾病治愈感到绝望。结论对疾病的错误认知以及社会公众的疏远、回避等是复治肺结核患者产生心理压力的重要原因。医务人员需指导患者采取主动积极的应对方式,并协助其完善社会支持干预系统,从而减轻其心理压力,有利于身心健康。
Objective To understand the psychological experience during the illness of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and to analyze the causes. Methods Twenty-two patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis who were diagnosed and treated in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated to Tongji University from January to April in 2015 were selected to conduct in-depth interviews with phenomenological methods and semi-structured interviews, and the interview data were analyzed. Experiencing the psychological experience of experiencing the process of theme extraction. Results All the 22 patients completed the interview. Three subjects were extracted, which were excused in order to conceal their illness, were painfully evasive to others, and were hopelessly cured of the disease. Conclusions The misunderstanding of the disease and the alienation and avoidance of the public are the main reasons for the psychological stress caused by patients with re-treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Medical staff need to guide patients to take a proactive approach to coping and help them improve the social support intervention system, thereby reducing their psychological pressure, is conducive to physical and mental health.