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目的分析2010-2015年南京市疟疾流行特征,为下一步制定和调整疟疾的防控策略和措施提供依据。方法收集2010-2015年南京市网络报告的疟疾疫情资料、病例个案调查和流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果2010-2015年南京市共报告疟疾确诊病例137例,其中恶性疟102例(74.45%)、间日疟33例(24.09%)、卵形疟1例(0.73%)、三日疟1例(0.73%);境外感染126例(91.97%)、本地感染2例(1.46%)、省外感染9例(6.57%)。境外输入病例中有117例来自非洲国家,9例来自亚洲国家。患者人群主要为青壮年男性,职业以农民工、工人、技术人员为主。发病当天就诊的病例占19.30%,就诊当天即确诊的病例占55.65%,确诊单位以市级医院为主(74.45%)。结论南京市疟疾疫情呈逐年下降的趋势,本地感染逐步消除,但境外输入疫情仍然严重。因此需要加强对出入境人员的管理和监测,提高医疗机构专业人员对疟疾的临床诊治能力,同时对重点人群开展疟疾健康教育,以降低疟疾的发病风险。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of malaria in Nanjing in 2010-2015 and provide the basis for further prevention and control strategies and measures for malaria development and adjustment. Methods The malaria epidemic data, case-case and epidemiological survey data collected from the network report of Nanjing in 2010-2015 were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 137 cases of malaria were reported in Nanjing from 2010 to 2015, including 102 cases of falciparum malaria (74.45%), 33 cases of Plasmodium vivax (24.09%), 1 case of oval-shaped malaria (0. (0.73%). There were 126 cases (91.97%) of overseas infections, 2 cases of local infection (1.46%) and 9 cases (6.57%) of infection outside the province. 117 cases were imported from African countries and 9 cases from Asian countries. The patient population is mainly young and middle-aged men, mainly migrant workers, workers and technicians. On the day of onset, 19.30% of cases were diagnosed, 55.65% of cases were confirmed on the day of diagnosis, and 74.45% were confirmed by municipal hospitals. Conclusion The epidemic situation of malaria in Nanjing showed a declining trend year by year. The local infection was gradually eliminated, but the outbreak of imported malaria was still serious. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management and monitoring of expatriates, improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment ability of malaria for professionals in medical institutions, and at the same time, carry out malaria health education to key populations so as to reduce the risk of malaria.