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戊戌维新既是一场肤浅的制度变革,又是一次深刻的思想启蒙。康有为等人没有能力把握处理错综复杂的政治格局下的利益关系,因此失败的结局是注定的。但从另一层面说,变法的必然趋势又是不可逆转的。戊戌政变后,变法的部分目的通过曲折的方式、流血的代价,依然得到了迟到的实现。如此说来,变法又不能说完全的失败。戊戌时代,康有为等人极力争取的,其实是绅权。其基本思路是通过绅权的申发,一方面启发民智,为扩张民权创造条件,另一方面制约皇权,从而达到“布衣改制”的目的。康有为在投身改革灰暗的现实政治的同时,念念不忘在心中描绘人类社会玫瑰色的未来图景。这种远大的理想关怀,绝非简单的“空想”一语便可轻易打发的。
Reform of 1898 is not only a superficial institutional reform, but also a profound thought enlightenment. Kang Youwei and others are not capable of handling the interests of the complex political landscape, so the outcome of the failure is doomed. But from another level, the inevitable trend of change is irreversible. After the coup of 1898, part of the purpose of the reform was still achieved by means of twists and turns and the cost of bloodshed. In this case, change can not be completely failed. Wu Xu era, Kang Youwei and others strongly strive for, in fact, gentry. The basic idea is that through the application of the gentry power, on the one hand, it can inspire wisdom, create conditions for the expansion of civil rights, and on the other hand restrict the imperial power so as to achieve the goal of “commoner system”. While devoting himself to the gloomy reality of politics, Kang Youwei remembered not forgetting to depict the rosy future of human society in his heart. This kind of lofty ideals of care, by no means simple “imaginary” can be easily passed.