论文部分内容阅读
两千多年来,儒法两条路綫的斗爭深刻地影响着我国社会生活的各个方面,也影响着科学技术的发展。儒家在政治上搞复古倒退,在思想上搞唯心論的“天命論”、“先驗論”,在对待生产技术方面,贱农耕,輕技艺,严重地阻碍了我国生产和科学技术的发展。和儒家对立的法家,具有革新进步的政治主张,唯物論的自然观和重視“耕战”,崇高实践的精神,对我国生产和科学技术都起了一定的促进作用。从馬鈞的发明創造和他一生的遭遇中,可以看出儒法两条路綫对我国古代科学技术发展影响的一个側面。
For more than two thousand years, the struggle between the two lines of Confucianism and Legalism has profoundly affected all aspects of our social life as well as the development of science and technology. Confucianism has made retrogressive retrogression in politics. Ideologically, “idealism” and “transcendentalism” in idealism have been applied. In respect of production technology, cheap farming and light art have seriously hindered the development of our country’s production and science and technology. The legalists opposed to Confucianism have the political idea of reform and progress, the view of nature of materialism and the importance of “plowing war” and lofty practices, which have played a certain role in promoting the production and science and technology of our country. From Ma Jun’s invention and his life’s experience, we can see that the two lines of Confucianism and Legalism have an impact on the development of ancient Chinese science and technology.